Although more tools are available to help today’s clinician make an accurate MS diagnosis, the requirements for diagnosing this complex disease are the same as they have been since Jean-Martin Charcot first described MS in the early 19^th century:

The diagnosis of MS requires:

• Signs and symptoms
• Dissemination in time
• Dissemination in space
• No other explanation for clinical and paraclinical findings.

An understanding of these basic requirements is essential in order to reduce the risk of mis-diagnosing a person with MS and improperly treating whatever illness or condition the person actually has. The literature suggests that among patients referred to MS treatment centers with a possible diagnosis of MS, fewer than 50 percent are found to have clinical or paraclinical findings caused by MS [Kelly et al, 2012; Carmosino et al., 2005]. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has greatly enhanced the diagnostic process since the first diagnostic criteria were introduced by Schumacher in 1965, it has also contributed significantly to the mis-diagnosis of MS (Ratchford & Calabresi, 2008).

Additional information

• View a diagnostic algorithm
• View the diagnostic workup for MS
• View the 2010 McDonald MS Diagnostic Criteria
• View information and resources for your newly-diagnosed patients

Diagnosis & Management Healthcare Professional App

Download this unique, FREE tool and resource that provides important information about the diagnosis and management of multiple sclerosis for practicing clinicians. The App is a concise compilation of current, easy-to-reference, evidence-based information that you can access at no charge as an Apple and Droid “App”.

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